Canada offers several federal immigration programs that allow skilled individuals and their families to become permanent residents. Here’s an overview of each type, including eligibility, process, and associated costs.
1. Express Entry System
The Express Entry system manages applications for three main programs:
• Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP): For skilled professionals with work experience in managerial, professional, or technical roles. Eligibility includes having at least one year of continuous full-time skilled work experience, a job offer (not mandatory but beneficial), language proficiency (CLB 7 in English or French), and sufficient funds.
• Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP): Targets skilled tradespeople in fields like construction, agriculture, or electrical work. Applicants need a job offer or a certificate of qualification, at least two years of work experience in a skilled trade, and language scores of CLB 5 (speaking and listening) and CLB 4 (reading and writing).
• Canadian Experience Class (CEC): For individuals with at least one year of skilled Canadian work experience. There is no education requirement, but higher scores are awarded for having educational credentials.
The Express Entry system operates on a points-based Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) where candidates are ranked based on factors like age, education, language skills, and work experience. Those with the highest scores are invited to apply for permanent residence. The minimum score varies with each draw, but 470+ is generally competitive.
Processing Time: 6 months after receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA)
Cost: CAD 1,365 per adult applicant (includes the right of permanent residence fee)
Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
This program allows provinces to nominate candidates with skills that meet their specific labor market needs. Each province has its own streams for various categories, like skilled workers, entrepreneurs, and international graduates. Candidates who receive a nomination can then apply through Express Entry, receiving an additional 600 points in the CRS, significantly increasing their chances of receiving an ITA.
Processing Time: Varies by province, typically 6–12 months
Cost: Provincial fees range from CAD 250 to 1,500, with additional fees for the federal part of the application
Start-Up Visa Program
Designed for entrepreneurs with an innovative business idea that can create jobs for Canadians. Eligibility includes support from a designated organization, language proficiency of CLB 5 in English or French, and sufficient settlement funds. You must receive a commitment from an approved venture capital fund, angel investor, or business incubator.
Processing Time: 12-16 months
Cost: CAD 2,075, plus investment requirements
Self-Employed Program
This program is for individuals with relevant experience in cultural activities or athletics and the intent to contribute to Canada’s cultural or athletic fields. Applicants need at least two years of relevant self-employment experience and must meet medical, security, and financial requirements.
Processing Time: Approximately 22 months
Cost: CAD 2,075
How Can PATHVISAS Help
Pathvisas provides expert guidance for each of these programs, helping applicants assess eligibility, improve CRS scores, gather necessary documentation, and prepare for submission. We assist with creating strong profiles and business proposals, optimizing applications for PNPs, and managing the application process to maximize success chances. Our team offers continuous support, from initial assessments to final approvals, streamlining the process for aspiring Canadian immigrants.